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Mass Wage Act Retaliation
Where a former employee sued for an unpaid commission, the case on the commission was dismissed, but the claim of being fired in retaliation for making a claim was allowed to continue. WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT… The wage act, like most worker protection laws, penalizes retaliation against workers for seeking protection under the law. The company argued that because the wage act claim was dismissed, the related retaliation claim should be dismissed as well. The court denied the

Paul Peter Nicolai
2 days ago1 min read


Former Massachusetts Resident Stock Transaction Ruled Taxable
The Appellate Tax Board ruled that the gain from the sale of stock was Massachusetts source income subject to tax. The Court of Appeals affirmed. WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT… Although the taxpayer was a New Hampshire resident when he sold his stock, the sale was ruled taxable by Massachusetts because the company was Massachusetts-based and he received the stock as compensation for his employment with the company rather than as an investor. A 2003 amendment to the Massachusetts ta

Paul Peter Nicolai
Sep 81 min read


Commercial Disparagement Found
False advertising against a competitor can create liability for multiple damages under Massachusetts law.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Sep 11 min read


AI Planning for Contracting
Planning for AI Contracting

Paul Peter Nicolai
Aug 252 min read


Standards and Frameworks as Contract Measures of Performance
Using appropriate standards and frameworks add foreseeability to technology-driven contracts

Paul Peter Nicolai
Aug 185 min read


Supreme Court Denies Review in AI Authorship Case
The Supreme Court has declined to review a lower court opinion that affirmed the US Copyright Office requirement of human authorship to be eligible for copyright protection.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Aug 111 min read


No Solicits Join Noncompetes in Coming Under Scrutiny
Even Delaware courts are applying increasing scrutiny to restrictive covenants, including no solicitation provisions, even in a business sale.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Aug 43 min read


Plausible Sexual Harassment Allegation Bars Arbitration
The US Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit has ruled that when a complaint plausibly alleges sexual harassment, the Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act can prevent arbitration of the entire case

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jul 281 min read


Washington State Noncompete Ban
Washington state has enacted a new law that renders nearly all noncompete agreements void and unenforceable for Washington-based workers. It becomes effective in 2027.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jul 213 min read


Questions to AI Models May Be Discoverable
The US District Court in New York held that a defendant’s written exchanges with a public AI platform were not protected by the attorney-client privilege or the work product doctrine.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jul 141 min read


New DEI Executive Order Affects Federal Contractors
The administration issued a new, comparatively restrained Executive Order that specifically targets examples of discrimination based on race or ethnicity.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jul 72 min read


Damages in Trade Secret Cases
Trade secret cases can result in money damages in addition to injunctions.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jun 303 min read


FTC Sues Over Vendor’s Customer No-Hire Agreements
The FTC has not totally walked away from noncompetes. The FTC is now going after no-hire provisions in commercial contracts.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jun 231 min read


When Is an Officer’s Sexual Harassment a Fiduciary Breach?
Delaware courts have limited the circumstances under which a corporate officer's sexual harassment of employees can be a breach of fiduciary duties, creating personal liability.

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jun 161 min read


Delaware Supreme Court Creates Test for Reincorporation Decisions
The Delaware Supreme Court has held that the business judgment rule applied to a proposal to reincorporate from Delaware to Nevada. It reversed a lower court decision holding that the entire fairness standard should be applied. Why This is Important… This is a critical decision for corporations amid current debates over state laws and the growing number that have left Delaware for Texas, Nevada, or other jurisdictions. It provides a roadmap for evaluating fiduciary duty chall

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jun 91 min read


AI Product Liability
AI litigation is increasingly centered on a familiar area: product liability. Early cases are examining whether AI applications used by consumers are classified as products or services, and whether the alleged harms stem from design flaws, insufficient warnings, or predictable misuse. This change is supported by lawmakers, including the EU’s updated directive on liability for defective products (PLD), as well as a growing number of US state laws. All of these developments sug

Paul Peter Nicolai
Jun 34 min read


The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act Turns Out Not to be an Effective Tool
The Third Circuit Court recently ruled that an employer failed to prove a CFAA or Defend Trade Secrets Act (“DTSA”) violation.

Paul Peter Nicolai
May 261 min read


Commonly Used Language Made Non-Solicitation Restrictions Unenforceable
A Delaware court found restrictions reasonable but overbroad and unenforceable, highlighting the need for careful drafting of restrictive covenants for enforceability.

Paul Peter Nicolai
May 192 min read


FTC Signals Enforcement on Noncompete Agreements
The FTC has announced a more aggressive enforcement posture on employment restrictive covenants.

Paul Peter Nicolai
May 121 min read


Social Media Landscape for Business Users
While it may feel like social media is a free and open space for creative marketing, enforcement actions related to social media use are on the rise.

Paul Peter Nicolai
May 52 min read
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